Built
in 1440 AD by Maharana Kumbha to commemorate his victory over Mohamed Khilji
this 9-storyed tower is adorned by sculptures of Hindu deities around.
There are around 157 narrow steps leading to the terrace where the balconies
give a beautiful top angle view of the whole town.
When illuminated
in the evening, the tower reflects a mesmerizing effect and the view is
worth capturing in the camera. This tower is the piece-de-resistance of
chittaurgarh. The story of Chittorgarh is a saga of valor, tenacity and
sacrifice. Chittorgarh (also Chittaurgarh) was sacked three times and its
defenders had to make the supreme sacrifice. The Fort of Chittorgarh is a
treasure trove of history and offers to the traveler an insight into the
life of the Great Rajput rulers, who laid down their lives fighting a
superior enemy instead of leading a life of submission under them.
Chittaurgarh
is located in the southern part of the state of Rajasthan, in the
northwestern part of India. It is located beside a high hill near
the Gambheri River. It is 112 km from Udaipur and 182 km from Ajmer. The
climate of Chittorgarh is arid. Summers are quite hot (April-June) and
winters are cool (October-February). It experiences scant rainfall between
June and August. The origin of Chittorgarh can be traced to the seventh
century. Earlier it was known as Chitrakut, after a local Rajput chieftain
named Chitrang. It remained the capital of the local Sisodia clan of Rajputs
from the eighth to the 16th century.
The history of this town is
written in blood and sacrifice. Muslim rulers sacked it three times in the
medieval period. The first was by Ala-ud-din Khilji, the Sultan of Delhi in
1303. Khilji laid siege of this hill fort to capture the beautiful Padmini,
the queen of Chittorgarh. When the situation worsened, Bhim Singh, the ruler
of Chittorgarh, led his men donned with saffron robes of sacrifice, and rode
out of the fort to certain death.
Inside the fort, women, including
Padmini and the children, committed mass suicide or jauhar by immolating
themselves on a huge pyre, rather than losing their honor at the hands of
the enemy. In the middle of the 15th century, Chittorgarh gained eminence
when the legendary Rajput ruler, Rana Kumbha, ruled it. He built the Vijay
Stambh (Victory Tower) to commemorate his victory over Mahmud Khilji, the
ruler of Malwa, in 1440.
Chittaurgarh was sacked again in
1535 by Bahadur Shah, the Sultan of Gujarat. The jauhar that
followed the siege saw the death of 13,000 women and 32,000 Rajput soldiers.
The third and final siege took place in 1568 at the hands of the great
Mughal emperor Akbar. Jaimal and Kalla, two Rajput generals, valiantly
defended the fort but with their death and deteriorating situation, jauhar
was performed. However, Maharana Udai Singh II, the ruler of Chittorgarh,
fled to Udaipur and re-established his rule. The Mughal emperor Jahangir
returned Chittorgarh to its rulers in 1616.